| Portable oil-free piston | 1–6 CFM at 90 PSI | Inflation, light nailing, occasional cleaning | Drain tank after use; clean or replace intake filter; inspect fittings and power cord | 3–7 years with intermittent use | US$100–350 | Low purchase cost; relatively noisy and less efficient for long duty cycles | Confirm duty cycle and noise level before using it for continuous tools |
| Portable oil-lubricated piston | 3–14 CFM at 90 PSI | Framing, automotive maintenance, intermittent spraying | Change oil according to the manual; drain condensate; replace filters; inspect belt and valves | 5–10 years with proper service | US$250–900 | Moderate energy use; replacement oil and wear parts add recurring cost | Match delivered CFM, not only tank size, to the tool requirement |
| Stationary belt-drive piston | 10–25 CFM at 90 PSI | Small workshops, multiple intermittent pneumatic tools | Oil and filter service; belt tension checks; tank drainage; valve and hose inspections | 8–15 years with scheduled maintenance | US$700–2,500 | Lower cost per CFM than many small portable units; requires floor space and ventilation | Provide a dedicated electrical circuit and adequate receiver capacity |
| Two-stage reciprocating | 15–35 CFM at 175 PSI | High-pressure service, fabrication, demanding shop use | Regular oil changes; intercooler and filter cleaning; belt alignment; condensate removal; safety-valve checks | 10–20 years in a well-maintained workshop | US$1,200–4,000 | Higher initial cost but durable under heavy intermittent demand | Verify maximum pressure, phase requirements, and available electrical capacity |
| Rotary screw, fixed-speed | 20–100 CFM at 100–125 PSI | Continuous production, assembly lines, high air demand | Oil, separator, and air-filter replacement; cooler cleaning; leak inspections; service-hour monitoring | 10–15 years with professional servicing | US$8,000–30,000 | Efficient at steady high utilization; inefficient if frequently unloaded or oversized | Choose capacity from measured demand and check service access requirements |
| Rotary screw, variable-speed | 20–200 CFM at 100–125 PSI | Production with fluctuating air demand and extended operating hours | Scheduled oil, separator, and filter service; cooler cleaning; drive-system inspection; control checks | 10–15 years with qualified maintenance | US$12,000–45,000 | Usually reduces wasted energy under variable demand; controls and service are more complex | Use a load profile to confirm that energy savings justify the premium |