| Inhaler compatibility | Confirm that the spacer connector fits the prescribed pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI). | Choose a chamber designed for the inhaler type. A spacer is not automatically suitable for every inhaler, such as a dry-powder inhaler. | Check that the inhaler sits securely and that the chamber and valves are assembled as instructed. |
| User age and interface | Consider the user's ability to seal their lips around a mouthpiece and follow the inhalation instructions. | A mouthpiece may suit someone who can use it reliably. A mask may be appropriate for a young child or someone unable to maintain a mouthpiece seal; size and fit matter. | For a mask, check for a close seal over the nose and mouth during each dose. Ask a healthcare professional to assess fit if unsure. |
| Chamber and valve design | Look for a chamber that is easy to hold, assemble, and use, with a valve that moves freely when breathing through the device. | Select a design the user can operate correctly and comfortably. Follow the device instructions for chamber size and technique. | Inspect the valve for sticking, damage, or visible residue. Replace damaged parts or the device as directed. |
| Material and static | Check the product information for the chamber material and any specific preparation or cleaning instructions. | Some plastic chambers can accumulate static charge, which may affect aerosol particles. Follow the maker's instructions for reducing static; do not assume all materials need the same treatment. | Do not use a cleaning method or cloth that conflicts with the device instructions. Avoid touching the inside of the chamber unnecessarily. |
| Cleaning routine | Check how often the chamber, mask, and mouthpiece should be cleaned and whether they can be disassembled. | Use the cleaning method specified for that exact device. Instructions vary; some chambers can be washed with mild detergent, while others may have different requirements. | Rinse or air-dry only as directed. Reassemble when fully dry if instructed. Do not boil, put in a dishwasher, or use solvents unless the instructions permit it. |
| Condition and replacement | Look for cracks, loose connections, a cloudy or damaged chamber, sticky valves, or a mask that no longer seals well. | Replace the spacer or parts when damaged, when performance is in doubt, or at the interval specified in its instructions. | Store it clean and dry, away from excessive heat. Keep it with the prescribed inhaler when practical. |
| Everyday technique | Make sure the user can follow the inhaler and spacer instructions consistently. | For many pMDI spacers, one actuation is placed into the chamber at a time, followed by inhalation promptly. The prescribed technique may vary by device. | Have a healthcare professional demonstrate and check the technique, especially after changing the inhaler or spacer. |