| What the term describes | A ventilation setup that carries cooking exhaust through ductwork to the outdoors. | A ventilation setup that filters air and returns it to the kitchen rather than exhausting it outdoors. | A hood mounted on the wall above the cooking surface. It may be ducted or ductless. | A hood installed beneath a cabinet above the cooking surface. It may be ducted or ductless. |
| Best suited to | Homes where an outdoor exhaust route is available and regular cooking produces smoke, heat, or strong odors. | Kitchens where exterior ducting is impractical or not permitted, and lighter cooking needs are typical. | Kitchens without cabinets directly above the range, or designs where the hood is intended to be a visible feature. | Kitchens with overhead cabinetry and limited room for a larger or more prominent hood. |
| How it handles cooking exhaust | Can discharge smoke, moisture, heat, and cooking odors outside when properly installed and operated. | Typically captures grease with a metal filter; an optional or replaceable charcoal filter can reduce some odors. It does not vent moisture or heat outdoors. | Performance depends on its ventilation setup, hood coverage, airflow, and installation—not simply on its wall-mounted design. | Performance depends on its ventilation setup, hood coverage, airflow, and installation—not simply on its under-cabinet design. |
| Installation considerations | Requires a suitable duct route and exterior termination. Short, direct duct runs generally support better airflow than long, restrictive runs. | Usually avoids exterior ductwork, but needs the correct recirculation filters and adequate clearance above the cooking surface. | Requires a suitable wall, mounting height, and space; ducted versions also need a route to the exterior. | Must fit the available cabinet width and mounting space; ducted versions need compatible ductwork and a suitable exhaust route. |
| Maintenance | Clean grease filters regularly and keep the duct and exterior outlet unobstructed. | Clean grease filters regularly and replace charcoal filters according to the manufacturer’s instructions. | Clean grease filters regularly; maintenance of any additional filters depends on whether the unit is ducted or ductless. | Clean grease filters regularly; maintenance of any additional filters depends on whether the unit is ducted or ductless. |
| Main trade-off | Often the more effective choice for removing cooking by-products, but duct routing can add installation work and cost. | Easier to place where ducting is unavailable, but recirculation does not remove humidity or heat from the kitchen. | Can provide a prominent focal point, but may require open wall space and careful planning for ducting or recirculation. | Uses existing cabinet space efficiently, but the cabinet can limit hood size, depth, and design options. |
| What to check before buying | Hood width and depth, required airflow for the cooking setup, duct diameter and route, noise ratings, and local installation requirements. | Availability and cost of replacement filters, recirculation-kit compatibility, hood coverage, noise ratings, and realistic odor-control expectations. | Cooking-surface width, mounting clearance, capture area, duct or recirculation configuration, and compatibility with the kitchen layout. | Cabinet dimensions, cooking-surface width, capture area, duct outlet position, recirculation options, and filter access. |
| Practical verdict | A strong general choice when properly installed outdoor venting is possible. | A reasonable alternative when ducting is not feasible, especially for lighter cooking and with consistent filter maintenance. | A mounting style to choose for layout and appearance; confirm whether the specific unit is ducted or ductless. | A space-saving mounting style; confirm cabinet fit and whether the specific unit is ducted or ductless. |